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DEVICES
IN SUMMARY
HEALTH
PREVENTIONbrainSTROKE EFFECTSStroke prevention treatmentAgingTHE ANSWERsenior exerciseThe Importance of Exercisehypertension
pressureStress Induced Strokelight-sound
brain entrainmentTheta Technologies Incmind
brainLight and Sound ResearchMIND CONTROL
brainMemory mapsRemote ViewingpressureReflectingReflecting on Lifehealing
The Power of The SubconsciousREFERENCES and ADDITIONAL DATAbrainRecreating MemorysuicideDepressionmind/brain recovery
brainExperts ViewTiaministrokeMinistroke explainedUpdates on Strokes|
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| ADDITIONAL DATA |
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| VITAMIMS, ACCUPUNCTURE and INTERVENTION | OXIDATION and DEMENTIA |
| Treating Stroke Victims With Vitamins. A University of Arizona neurologist protects people from urther strokes by giving them high doses offolic acid, Vitamin B6, and Vitamin B12. Because these vitamins prevent the buildup of homocysteine, an amino acid that damages blood vessels, he feels "we can decrease the risk of heart attack and stroke." He is William Feinburg, M.D., University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz. (Posted 1/10/1997) A one year follow-up study on the effects of acupuncture in the treatment of stroke patients in the subacute stage: a randomized, controlled study. Kjendahl A, Sallstrom S, Osten PE, Stanghelle JK, Borchgrevin CF Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesoddtangen, Norway. OBJECTIVE: We recently reported that acupuncture treatment of stroke patients in the subacute stage gave additive therapeutic benefit. The purpose of the present study was to determine, approximately one year after discharge from the rehabilitation hospital, whether the group differences still remained. DESIGN: The patients were randomized into two groups: one acupuncture group and one control group, considering gender and side of hemispheral localization of lesion. With regard to the main parameters the groups were comparable at baseline. SETTING: Initially, 45 stroke patients admitted to Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital were included in the study: median 40 days post stroke. SUBJECTS: Forty-one of the patients were available one year after the treatment period: 21 patients in the acupuncture group and 20 controls. INTERVENTION: All subjects received an individually adapted, multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme. The acupuncture group received additional treatment with classical acupuncture for 30 min three to four times weekly for six weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The patients were evaluated at inclusion, after six weeks and approximately 12 months after discharge from the rehabilitation hospital. The Motor Assessment Scale (MAS) for stroke patients, Sunnaas Index of Activity of Daily Living (ADL) and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) were used. In addition, the social situations of the patients were recorded at one year follow-up. RESULTS: The results show that the acupuncture group improved significantly more than the controls, both during the treatment period of six weeks, and even more during the following year, both according to MAS, ADL, NHP and the social situation. CONCLUSION: Although the mechanism of the effects is debatable, there seems to be a positive long-term effect of acupuncture given in the subacute stage post stroke. Publication Types: Clinical trial Randomized controlled trial PMID: 9360031, UI: 98024332 |
Does Oxidation Contribute to Dementia? In an article reporting that Vitamin E slows Alzheimer's deterioration (on our What's New page), we asked if free radicals--those dangerous oxygen molecules that float in the blood vessels--might contribute to a decline in intellectual capacity as we age. We wondered if antioxidants--such as Vitamin E--might not help prevent or delay Alzheimer's and other senile dementia symptoms. We've since uncovered an article, published in Science News Online in January, that sheds light on the question. It suggests that oxidation--the chemical reaction that makes fats rancid--might contribute to atherosclerotic deposits inside blood vessels in the brain. It notes that linoleic acid--a polyunsaturated fat found in corn oil and in several other vegetable oils--may be the culprit and that certain fish oils reduce this tendency. One of the authors also noted that an earlier study found that antioxidants may offer some "protection against age-related declines in mental skills." We now wonder: Could the increase in the use of polyunsaturated fats--promoted so highly over the last two decades--have contributed to what appears to be an increase in senile dementia symptoms? Also, could the fact that Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant be the reason that it is effective in slowing the progression of Alzheimer's? A Theory About How Our Bodies Age. It's called "the caramelization effect," or more scientifically, "glycation." It occurs when sugar and protein bind together under the body's own heat and gum up vital organs. But, according to the theory, cooked foods that are browned and caramelized--such as baked goods, glazed meats and roasted coffee--may also contribute to the effect. According to Dr. Richard Bucala, of the Picower Institute, modifying our diets may stave off some of the aging effects. How? Avoid foods cooked at high temperatures for long periods of time. Don't fry potatoes; steam them instead. Cut down on baked goods, especially the crusts. Essentially, stick with boiling and steaming and avoid broiling, roasting and baking. Glycation occurs at a faster rate in the body when blood sugar levels are elevated, as in diabetes, note doctors at the Picower Institute. And, they add, avoiding foods rich in "glycotoxins" may prove beneficial to people with vascular and kidney disease, high blood pressure and to the elderly. NOTE: Curcumin, an extract of the spice turmeric (which gives curry powder its golden yellow color) and a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory agent, appears to cut down on the cross linking of tissue and glycose. For that medical abstract, click here. |
| Vestibular Disorders Association: http://www.teleport.com/~veda PAVE-Vision Education: http://www.pave-eye.com/vision COVD Directory: http://www.optcom2.com/covd HANDLE Institute: http://www.handle.org Learning Disabled Association: http://www.ldanatl.org Epilepsy Foundation: http://www.efa.org American Speech-Hearing Association: http://www.asha.org Coping With Mild TBI (Book): http://www.health-helper.com Head to Head Magazine: http://www.bypass.com/~pwebb/hth.htm Neuro-Optometric Rehabilitation Ass: http://www.noravc.com TBI Social Network: http://www.angelfire.com/ca/kktbisocialnetwork |
References Taub, E. (1980). Somatosensory deafferentation research with monkeys: Implications for rehabilitation medicine. In L. P. Ince (Ed.), Behavioral Psychology in Rehabilitation Medicine: Clinical Applications (pp. 371-401). New York: Williams & Wilkins. Taub, E., Miller, N. E., Novack, T. A., Cook, E. W. III, Fleming, W. C., Nepomuceno, C. S. Connell, J. S., & Crago, J. E. (1993). Technique to improve chronic motor deficit after stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 74, 347-354. Taub, E. (1999). Guest editorial. New discovery equals change in clinical practice. J. Rehab. Res. Devel., 36, vii-viii. Taub, E., Uswatte, G., & Pidikiti, R. (1999). Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy: A new family of techniques with broad application to physical rehabilitation - a clinical review. J. Rehab. Res. Devel., 36, 237-251. Liepert, J., Bauder, H., Miltner, W.H.R., Taub, E., & Weiller, C.(2000). Treatment-induced massive cortical reorganization after stroke in humans. Stroke, 31. Origin of CI Therapy in Basic Research with Monkeys Taub, E. (1977). Movement in nonhuman primates deprived of somatosensory feedback. Exercise and sports science reviews, Vol. 4 (pp. 335-374). Santa Barbara: Journal Publishing Affiliates. Taub, E. (1980). Somatosensory deafferentation research with monkeys: Implications for rehabilitation medicine. In L. P. Ince (Ed.), Behavioral Psychology in Rehabilitation Medicine: Clinical Applications (pp. 371-401). New York: Williams & Wilkins. Other CI Therapy References: Clinical Results Taub, E. (1994). Overcoming learned nonuse: A new behavioral medicine approach to physical medicine. In J. G. Carlson, S. R. Seifert, & N. Birbaumer. (eds.) Clinical applied psychophysiology (pp. 185-220). New York: Plenum. Taub, E., Burgio, L., Miller, N. E., Cook, E.W. III, Groomes, T., DeLuca, S., & Crago, J. (1994). An operant approach to overcoming learned nonuse after CNS damage in monkeys and man: The role of shaping. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 61, 281-293. Taub, E., & Crago, J. E. (1995). Behavioral plasticity following central nervous system damage in monkeys and man. In B.Julesz & I. Kovacs (Eds.), Maturational windows and adult cortical plasticity. SFI Studies in the Sciences of Complexity, vol. 23 (pp. 201-215). Redwood City, CA: Addison-Wesley. Taub, E., & Crago, J. E. (1995). Overcoming learned nonuse: A new behavioral approach to physical medicine. In T. Kikuchi, H. Sakuma, I. Saito, & K. Tsuboi (Eds.), Biobehavioral self-regulation: Eastern and western perspectives (pp. 2-9). Tokyo: Springer Verlag. Taub, E., Pidikiti, R.D., DeLuca, S.C., & Crago, J.E. (1996). Effects of motor restriction of an unimpaired upper extremity and training on improving functional tasks and altering brain/behaviors. In J. Toole (Ed.), Imaging and Neurologic Rehabilitation (pp. 133-154). New York: Demos Publications. Taub, E., & Wolf, S.L. (1997). Constraint-Induced (CI) Movement techniques to facilitate upper extremity use in stroke patients. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation, 3, 38-61. Morris, D.M., Crago, J.E., DeLuca, S.C., Pidikiti, R.D. & Taub, E. (1997). Constraint-Induced (CI) Movement Therapy for motor recovery after stoke. Neurorehab., 9, 29-43. Taub, E., Crago, J.E., & Uswatte, G. (1998). Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy: A new approach to treatment in physical rehabilitation. Rehab. Psychol., 43, 152-170. Miltner, W.A.R., Bauder, H., Sommer, M., Dettmers, C., & Taub, E. (1999). Effects of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy on chronic stroke patients: A replication. Stroke, 30, 586-592. Kunkel, A., Kopp, B., Muller, G., Villringer, K., Villringer, A., Taub, E., & Flor, H. (1999). Constraint-induced movement therapy: A powerful new technique to induce motor recovery in chronic stroke patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 80, 624-628. Taub, E., & Uswatte, G. (in press). A new approach to treatment and measurement in physical rehabilitation: Constraint-Induced (CI) Movement Therapy. In R. G. Frank and T. R. Elliott (Eds.) Handbook of Rehabilitation Psychology. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Taub, E.,Uswatte, G,& Elbert, T. The functional significance of cortical reorganization for behavior and perception. Invited by the editors of Amer. Psychol. for Science Watch feature and submitted. Morris, D., Crago, J., Uswatte, G., Wolf, S., Cook, E.W. III, & Taub, E. (in press). The reliability of the Wolf Motor Function Test for assessing upper extremity function following stroke. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. CI Aphasia Therapy Pulvermueller, F., Genkinger, B., Elbert, T., Mohr, B., Rockstroh, B., & Taub, E. Constraint-Induced therapy of chronic aphasia after stroke. Manuscript submitted for publication. CI Therapy for Focal Hand Dystonia Elbert, T., Candia, V., Altenmuller, E., Rau, H., Sterr, A., Rockstroh, B., Pantev, C., & Taub, E. (1998). Alteration of digital representations in somatosensory cortex in focal hand dystonia. NeuroReport, 9, 3571-3575. Candia, V., Elbert, T., Altenmueller, E., Rau, H., Schaefer, T., & Taub, E. (1999). A Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy for focal hand dystonia in musicians. The Lancet, 353, 42. Candia, V., Elbert, T., Altenmueller, E., Rau, H., Schaefer, T., Rockstroh, B., & Taub, E. A successful treatment for focal hand dystonia of pianists and guitarists based on Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy. Manuscript submitted for publication. A Principle of CI Therapy for Treatment of Phantom Limb Pain Weiss, T., Miltner, W.H.R., Adler, T., Brueckner, L., & Taub, E. (1999). Decrease in phantom limb pain associated with prosthesis-induced increased use of an amputation stump. Neurosci. Lett., 272, 131-134. CI Therapy: Effects on brain organization and function Liepert, J., Bauder, H., Miltner, W.H.R., Taub, E., & Weiller, C.(2000). Treatment-induced massive cortical reorganization after stroke in humans. Stroke, 31. Liepert, J., Bauder, H., Sommer, M., Miltner, W.H.R., Dettmers, C., Taub, E., Weiller, C. (1998). Motor cortex plasticity during Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy in chronic stroke patients. Neurosci. Lett., 250, 5-8. Kopp, B., Kunkel, A., Muehlnickel, W., Villringer, K., Taub, E., & Flor, H. (1999). Plasticity in the motor system correlated with therapy-induced improvement of movement in human stroke patients. NeuroReport, 10, 807-810. Bauder, H., Sommer, M., Taub, E. & Miltner, W.H.R. (1999). Effect of CI Therapy on movement-related brain potentials. Psychophysiol, 36, Suppl. 1, S31. (Abstract) Accelerometry, Additional Real World Outcome Measures and Other Measurement Issues Uswatte, G., Miltner, W.H.R., Varma, M., Foo, B., Moran, S., Sharma, V., & Taub, E. (2000) Objective measurement of a real-world rehabilitation outcome using accelerometer recordings transformed with a threshold filter. Stroke., 31, 662-667. Uswatte, G., & Taub, E., (1999). Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy: New approaches to outcome measurement in rehabilitation. In D.T. Stuss, G. Winocur, & I.H. Robertson (Eds.), Cognitive neurorehabilitation: A comprehensive approach. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, pp. 214-229. Keil, A., Elbert, T., & Taub, E. (1999). Relation of accelerometer and EMG recordings for measurement of upper extremity movement. J. Psychophysiol., 13, 77-82. Kopp, B., Kunkel, A., Flor, H., Platz, T., Rose, U., Mauritz, K.H., Gresser, K., McCulloch. K.L., & Taub, E. (1997). The Arm Motor Ability Test (AMAT): Reliability, validity and sensitivity to change. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehab., 78, 615-620. Morris, D., Crago, J., Uswatte, G., Wolf, S., Cook, E.W. III, & Taub, E. (in press). The reliability of the Wolf Motor Function Test for assessing upper extremity function following stroke. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. Papers on Cortical Reorganization Leading up to the Work of the Effect of CI Therapy on Brain Reganization and Function Pons, T. P., Garraghty, P. E., Ommaya, A. K., Kaas, J. H., Taub, E. & Mishkin, M. (1991). Massive cortical reorganization after sensory deafferentation in adult macaques. Science, 252, 1857-1860. Rausell, E., Cusick, C. G., Taub, E., & Jones E. G. (1992). Chronic deafferentation in monkeys differentially affects nociceptive and nonnociceptive pathways distinguished by specific calcium-binding proteins and down-regulates gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors at thalamic levels. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 89, 2571-2575. Elbert, T., Flor, H., Birbaumer, N., Knecht, S., Larbig., W., & Taub, E. (1994). Extensive reorganization of the somatosensory cortex in adult humans after nervous system injury. NeuroReport, 18, 2593-2597. Flor, H., Elbert, T., Knecht, S., Wienbruch, C., Pantev, C., Birbaumer, N., Larbig, W., & Taub, E. (1995). Phantom limb pain as a perceptual correlate of massive cortical reorganization in upper limb amputees. Nature, 375, 482-484. Elbert, T., Pantev, C., Rockstroh, B., Wienbruch, C., & Taub, E. (1995). Increased cortical representation of the fingers of the left hand in string players. Science, 270, 305-307. Taub, E., Flor, H., Knecht, S., & Elbert, T. (1995). Correlation between phantom limb pain and cortical reorganization. Journal of NIH Research, 7, 49-50. (Afterwords) Knecht, S., Henningsen, T., Elbert, T., Flor, H., Hoeling, C., Pantev, C., Birbaumer, N., & Taub, E. (1995). Cortical reorganization in human amputees and mislocalization of painful stimuli to the phantom limb. Neuroscience Letters, 201, 262-264. Elbert, T., Sterr, A., Rockstroh, B., Charbonnier, D., Flor, H., Pantev., C., Wienbruch, C., Knecht, S., & Taub, E. (1996). Cortical reorganization in arm amputees: Alterations of the somato |
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