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The Name Macedonia
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macedoniaJust When You Thought You Knew|
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| MACEDONIA -NORTHERN GREECE. WHAT DOES THE ANCIENT NAME MEAN? The History of the name "Macedonia". Historical evidence and archaeological finds point to the existence of Greek-speaking inhabitants of the North Pindus mountains in the period 2200-2100 BC These Protohellenic tribes are thought to have broken away from the main bulk of the family of Indo-European peoples in the course of the 5th millennium BC and to have spread throughout the area known today as Northern Greece. It is generally accepted today that the ethnic name Makedon, from which by adding the ending ia the geographical term Makedonia, was formed derives from the ancient Greek adjective Makednos. The name belongs to the ethnic names denoting a physical characteristics, like the ancient Makrokefaloi (long heads). The Macedonians, it is presumed distinguished themselves amid the other Greek tribes by their height, as it often happens to highland tribes compared to tribes of the plains. The Macedonians of Greece were a part of the Doric tribe, and some common dialectic forms with the Aeolians of Thessaly, others with the Greek and differs from the Thraco-illyrian language. Like all other Hellenic tribes, the Macedonians early created a mythical ancestor, Macedon, son of Zeus, to account for their ethnic name. Macedonia was previously called Emathia from Emathion, son of Zeus and Elektra. Then (called) Macedonia from Macedon, son of Aeacus. In the time of Phillip II Macedonia was bounded by the mountains. From a political viewpoint Macedonia was divided into the low country Katw, para qalassan Makedonia) which was under the direct rule of the Macedonian kings, and the upper country (Anw Makedonia, ta epanwqen eqnh) inhibited by the Lyngestians (in the district of Florina). Phillip extended the eastern boundary of the Macedonian State beyond the Strymon and Nestos River but the name "Macedonia" still remained. Under the Roman rule and more precisely in the 2nd century AD the province of Macedonia, reached towards to the Adratic Sea, which was therefore called my the Romans Mare Macedonicum. The region remained unchanged until the old administrative system was substituted by the Byzantine organisation of themes was gradually established. In about 800AD the theme of Macedonia designated Thracian territory, and with Adrinople for its capital extended over most of Thrace. About the same time (796 - 828AD) Macedonia proper continues a separate theme, the theme of Thessaloniki. A writer of the 14th century Georgios Akropolites, Gregoras and Kantakouzenus attributed the name of Macedonia to the original part of Greece, the Kingdom of Phillip II. Since then, both the learned writers and the Greek people have used the name Macedonia with its original connotation. During the time of the Ottoman rule the name Macedonia survived in the Greek lands and was used by the people to designate the well-known Greek country. The name Macedonia was completely unknown to our neighbouring Slavic peoples until 1908. It was due to the panslavistic propaganda of the beginning of the present century that hey was informed of its existence. And yet this was enough to become the cause of a very strange adventure that the ancient, historical and glorious name of Macedonia had to undergo in our days. |
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