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The Name Macedonia
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macedoniaJust When You Thought You Knew|
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| ANCIENT QUOTES |
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| Ancient Quotes of Greece |
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| "And she (Thyia, sister of Hellen) conceived and bare to Zeus who delights in the thunderolt two sons, Magnes and Makedon, rejoicing in horses, who dwell round about Pieria and Olympos." (Hesiod, Catalogues of Women, fr.3) Which means that: "From the daughter of Deucalion sprang Magnes and Macedon, ancestors of the Magnesians and Macedonians, who are thus represented as cousins of the true Hellenic stock." (G.P.Goold, Hesiod-Homeric Hymns-Homerica (London: The Loeb Classical Library, 1936 -1995 reprint), p.xxii) "...the Hellenic nation... settled about Pindos under the name Makednon." (Herodotos 1.56) "In all there were about three thousand Hellenic heavy infantry, accompanied by all the Macedonian cavalry with the Chalcidians (also Hellenes), near one thousand strong, BESIDES an immense crowd of barbarians (i.e., non-Hellenes)." (Thukydides 4.124) "...consider all Hellas your fatherland, as did the founder of your race,..." (Isokrates, To Philip 127) "...at the congress of the Lakedaimonian allies and the other Hellenes, in which Amyntas (the king of Macedonia), the father of Philip, being entitled to a seat, was represented by a delegate whose vote was absolutely under his control, he joined the other Hellenes in voting..." (Aishines, On the Embassy 32) "Such was the end of Philip (II, king of Macedonia) ...He had ruled 24 years. He is known to fame as one who with but the slenderest resources to support his claim to a throne won for himself the greatest empire AMONG the Hellenes, while the growth of his position was not due so much to his prowess in arms as to his adroitness and cordiality in diplomacy." (Diodoros of Sicily 16.95.1-2) "In the past you rivaled the Achaians and the KINSMEN Macedonians and their ruler, Philip, about the hegemony and glory, but now that the freedom of the Hellenes is at stake at a war against an alien people (Romans), ...but now if you invite them do not you see that you invite them against your ownself and the whole of Hellas. ...And does it worth to ally with the barbarians (i.e., the non-Hellenes) against the Epeirotans, the Achaians, the Akarnanians, the Boiotians, the Thessalians, almost ALL THE HELLENES with the exception of the Aitolians who are a wicked nation... So Lakedaimo-nians it is good to remember your ancestors,... be afraid of the Romans... and DO ALLY yourselves with t he Achaians and Macedonians. And if the most influential amongst yourselves oppose that then stay neutral and do not side with the unjust. (Polybios 9.37.7-39.7; Speech of Lyki-skos, the representative of Akarnania) "He (Teleutias, the brother of the Spartan king Agesilaos) dispached envoys to Amyntas, and asked him to hire mercenaries and gain the alliance of the neighboring kings through the payment of money, if he wished to recover his rule." (Xenophon, Hellenika 5.38) "After Amyntas had been defeated by the Illyrians and forced to pay tribute to his conquerors, the Illyrians, who had taken Philip, the youngest son of Amyntas, as a hostage, placed him in the care of the Thebans." (Diodoros of Sicily, 16.2.2) "Amyntas undertook difficult campaigns against the Illyrians and the Olynthians. Moreover Amyntas would have fallen victim to the treachery of his wife Eurydice... had their daughter not divulged her mother's liaison and criminal intentions." (Justin's epitome of Pompeius Tro-gus' Universal History 7.4.6-7) "...at the congress of the Lacedaimonian allies and the OTHER Hellenes, in which Amyntas, the father of Philip, being entitled to a seat, was represented by a delegate whose vote was abso lutely under his control, HE joined the other Hellenes in voting..." (Aishines, On the Embassy 32) "Along with lavish display of every sort, Philip (II of Macedonia) included in the procession statues of the twelve gods wrought with great artistry and adorned with a dazzling show of wealth to strike awe to the beholder, and along with these was conducted a thirteenth statue, suitable for a god, that of Philip himself, so that the king exhibited himself enthroned among the twelve gods. Every seat in the theater was taken when Philip appeared wearing a white cloak and by his express orders his bodyguard held away from him and followed only at a distance, since he wanted to show publicly that he was protected by the goodwill of ALL THE HELLENES, and had no need of a guard of spearmen." (Diodoros of Sicily 16.92.5-93.2) "When he (Alexander the Great) arrived at Ilion he sacrificed to ATHENA and offered libations to the Heroes." (Plutarchos, Alexander 15) "Alexander (the Great)... after talking to theThessalians and the other Hellenes,... grabbed his spear with his left hand, shifted his right hand to pray to the gods, as Kallisthenes reports, wishing, if he is indeed a SON of ZEUS that they SUPPORT the HELLENES. Aristandros, the priest..." (Plutarchos, Alexander 33) "There is a MACEDONIAN holiday devoted to DIONYSOS, to whom Alexander sacrificed every year. But out of negligence, it is said, he sacri- ficed to the DIOSKOUROI first for he had scheduled the sacrifice to the Dioskouroi previously. Well into the celebrations (for Alexander had introduced BARBARIAN elements (i.e., non-Hellenic) in the festivity), there was talk about the Dioskouroi... So several soothsayers attributed the affair to the wrath of Dionysos. And Alexander, persuaded in the end by the Companions (i.e., the Macedonian nobles), did eat and did take some care of himself. And then he carried the sacrifice to Dionysos, for he, too, wished to attribute the disaster to the wrath of the god..." (Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander 4.8.1-9.5) "This is a sworn treaty made between us, Hannibal the general, Mago, Myrkan, Barmokar and all other Carthaginian senators present with him, and all Carthaginians serving under him, on the one side, and Xenophanes the Athenian, son of Kleomachos, the envoy whom King Philip, son of Demetrios, sent to us on behalf of himself, and the Macedonians and allies, on the other side. `In the presence of ZEUS, HERA and APOLLO; in the presence of the Genius of Carthage; ...and in the presence of all the gods who possess Carthage; and in the presence of ALL THE GODS who possess Macedonia AND THE REST OF HELLAS; and in the presence of all the gods of the army who preside over this oath. Thus said Hannibal the general and all the Carthaginian senators along with him and the Carthaginian soldiers: ...That King Philip and the Macedonians AND the REST OF THE HELLENES who are their allies shall protect the Carthaginians,... King Philip and the Macedonians AND the OTHER HELLENES who are their allies shall be protected and guarded by the Carthaginians..." (Polybios 7.9.1-7; Treaty of alliance between king Philip V of Macedonia and Hannibal) These few quotes may reflect the Greek views during the Hellenistic era and in later antiquity of the Macedonian 'brethren'. There are many more in the same spirit. The purpose here is not to explore all ancient literature nor to argue historical events, but to make a point with respect to these Greek perceptions. "After this Alexandros left Dareios's mother, his daughters, and his son in Susa, providing them with persons to teach them the HELLENIC DIALECT,..." (Diodoros of Sicily 17.67.1) "Alexandros observed that his soldiers were exhausted with their constant campaigns. ...The hooves of the horses had been worn thin by steady marching. The arms and armour were wearing out, and the HELLENIC CLOTHING was quite gone. They had to clothe themselves in materials of the barbarians,..." (Diodoros of Sicily 17.94.1-2) "...so said the military leaders to the camps: `We have made enough war in Persia and conquered Dareios who claimed taxes from the Hellenes, but what are we accomplishing by marching against the Indians, in scary lands and doing things IMPROPER FROM HELLAS? If Alexandros has become full of himself and wishes to be a warrior, and subjugate barbarian peoples why do we follow him? Let him move on alone and engage in wars. Having heard these Alexander separated the Persian host from the MACEDONIANS AND THE OTHER HELLENES and addressed them..." (`Pseudo-Kallisthenes' 3.1.2-4) "But he said, `If I were not Alexandros, I should be Diogenes'; that is to say: `If it were not my purpose to combine barbarian things with things Hellenic, to traverse and civilize every every continent, to search out the uttermost parts of land and sea, to push THE BOUNDS OF MACEDONIA to the farthest Ocean, AND to diseminate and shower the BLESSINGS OF HELLENIC JUSTICE and peace over every nation, I should not be content to sit quietly in the luxury of idle power, but I should emulate the frugality of Diogenes. But as things are, forgive me Diogenes, that I imitate Herakles, and emulate Perseus, and follow in the footsteps of Dionysos, the divine author and progenitor of my family, and DESIRE that VICTORIOUS HELLENES SHOULD DANCE AGAIN in India and revive the memory of the Bacchic revels among the savage mountain tribes beyond the Kaukasos...' (Plutarchos, On the Fortune of Alexander, 332 a-b) "In the past you rivaled the Achaians and the MACEDONIANS, peoples of YOUR OWN RACE, and Philippos, their commander, for the hegemony and glory, but now that the freedom of the Hellenes is at stake at a war against an alien people , ...And does it worth to ally with the barbarians, to take the field with them against the Epeirotans, the Achaians, the Akarnanians, the Boiotians, the Thessalians, in fact WITH almost ALL THE HELLENES with the exception of the Aitolians who are a wicked nation... ...SO LAKEDAIMONIANS it is good to remember your ancestors,... be afraid of the Romans... and do ally yourselves with the Achaians and Macedonians. But if some the most powerful citizens are opposed to this policy at least stay neutral and do not side with the unjust. (Polybios 9.37.7-39.7; Speech of Lykiskos, the representative of Akarnania) |
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