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Glossary letter A
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Glossary letter S1
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Heart Sutra 1
Heart Sutra 2
Heart Sutra 3
Heart Sutra 4
Heart Sutra 5
Heart Sutra 6
Heart Sutra 7
Heart Sutra 8
Heart Sutra 9
Heart Sutra Tibetan
Diamond Sutra 1
Diamond Sutra 2
Faith in Mind
Ksitigarbha Sutra 1
Ksitigarbha Sutra 2
Ksitigarbha Sutra 3
Ksitigarbha Sutra 4
Ksitigarbha Sutra 5
Ksitigarbha Sutra 6
Ksitigarbha Sutra 7
Ksitigarbha Sutra 8
Ksitigarbha Sutra 9
Ksitigarbha Sutra 10
Ksitigarbha Sutra 11
Ksitigarbha Sutra 12
Ksitigarbha Sutra 13
Pali English Glossary
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| Tathagata (English: Thus Come One . Chinese: ru lai []) A word used to refer to Buddhas -- either Shakyamuni Buddha or the Buddhas in general.. Tathagata is a Sanskrit word that means "one who has attained full realization of 'such-ness'" -- that is, one who has become one with the absolute "Body of Law" (Dharma-Kaya) in such a way that he or she neither "comes from anywhere" (na-agamana) nor "goes to anywhere" ( na-gaman). ten directions The ten directions, or ten quarters, are: north, south, east, west, north-east, south-east, north-west, south-west, the nadir, and the zenith. See also "six directions." Ten Esoteric Doors See " Ten Mysterious Gates." ten evil acts The acts of (1) killing, (2) stealing, (3) indulging in sexual misconduct, (4) lying, (5) committing slander, (6) using coarse language, (7) indulging in empty chatter, (8) harboring covetousness, (9) using angry speech, and (10) holding wrong views. Opposite of the ten kind deeds. ten evil deeds See "ten evil acts." Ten Great Vows (of Universal Worthy Bodhisattva) Ten vows made by Universal Worthy Bodhisattva (Samantabhadra) in the Flower Adornment Sutra. The essence of Mahayana practice is contained in these Ten Great Vows. The chapter in the Flower Adornment Sutra in which Universal Worthy Bodhisattva makes his Ten Great Vows is presented on the page titled "Flower Adornment Sutra, Chapter 40." Ten Grounds According to the Mahayana sutras, there are a total of 52 levels of attainment before a cultivator achieves Buddhahood. The 41st to 50th levels constitute the level known as the Ten Grounds. Above these stages are the levels of Equal Enlightenment, Wonderful Enlightenment, and Buddhahood. Ten Kind Deeds (1) No killing. (2) No stealing. (3) No sexual misconduct. (4) No lying. (5) No seductive speech. (6) No speech that would cause discord and hatred. (7) No harsh speech. (8) No greed. (9) No anger or hatred. (10) Refraining from ignorance. Ten Mysteries See "Ten Mysterious Gates." Ten Mysterious Gates Ten aspects of the interrelationship of all phenomena, as seen from the enlightened point of view. To explain such relationship and harmony, the Avatamsaka (Flower Adornment) School advances the Ten Profound Propositions: (1) All things are co-existent, corresponding to one another. (2) The intension and extension of one thing involve those of others without any obstacle. (3) The One and the Many are mutually inclusive. (4) All things are identical with one another. (5) The hidden and the manifested mutually perfect each other. (6) All minute and abstruse things mutually penetrate one another. (7) All things reflect one another. (8) Truth is manifested in facts and facts are the source of enlightenment. (9) The past, present and future are inter-penetrating. (10) All things are manifestations and transformations of the mind." ten paramitas See "paramitas." Ten Precepts See "Ten Kind Deeds." Ten Profound Propositions See " Ten Mysterious Gates." ten quarters The ten directions. Ten Recitation Method A technique of Buddha recitation described in the Contemplation Sutra and presented on the Web site on the page titled "The Ten Recitation Method." It is an ideal recitation method for people who are busy with mundane activities but want to practice Buddha recitation so they can achieve rebirth in the Pure Land. ten sins See "ten evil acts." Ten Stages See "Ten Grounds." ten thousand conducts All the countless activities and cultivation practices of the Bodhisattvas. thoroughly learned ones Saints who have reached the fourth and final stage of Arhatship. Persons in the first three stages of Arhatship are called "learners." See also "four grades of disciples." those beyond learning See "thoroughly learned ones." those enlightened to conditions See "Pratyeka-Buddhas." those who are beyond study See "thoroughly learned ones." Three Bodies of the Buddha According to Mahayana teachings, a Buddha has three bodies: a Dharma Body (Sanskrit: Dharmakaya, the Body of Reality); (2) A Reward Body (Sanskrit: Sambhogakaya, Noumenal Body, or, Celestial Body); and (3) a Transformation Body (Sanskrti: Nirmanakaya, Phenomenal Body, Manifested Body, or Incarnate Body). In the Dharma Body , a Buddha is the personification of Suchness, Emptiness, the Truth (e.g., Vairocana Buddha). A Buddha's Reward Body is a body that is obtained as a reward of completing Bodhisattva practice and understanding the Buddha-wisdom, which is transcendent and imperceptible to common mortals (e.g., Amitabha Buddha). In the Transformation Body, a Buddha is manifested in the ordinary world of samsara (e.g., Shakyamuni Buddha). three evil paths See "three evil realms." three evil realms The realms of (1) people in hells, (2) hungry ghosts, and (3) animals. three karmas Karmas accumulated as a result of actions by the body, mouth, and mind. three kinds of enlightment There are three different kinds of enlightenment: self-enlightenment, the ability to enlighten others, and the ability to attain self-enlightenment as well as to enlighten others. See also Chapter 1 of "Understanding Buddhism." three periods of time The past, present, and future. three poisons Greed, anger, and ignorance. Three Realms See "Triple Realm." Three Sages of the World of Ultimate Bliss Amitabha Buddha, Guan Yin Bodhisattva, and Great Strength Bodhisattva. Three Studies Self-discipline, concentration, and wisdom. Three Treasures See "Triple Jewels." Thus Come One A name for a Buddha. Hsuan Hua explains that the world "Thus" connotes stillness, while the word "Come" connotes action. When combined, these two words connote stillness within action, or action within stillness: i.e., the Buddha. See also "Tathagata." transference of merit The practice of transferring, or sharing, one's own merits and virtues with others. For an example of a recitation for transferring merit, see the page titled "Dedication of Merit." tongue of subtle and wonderful eloquence The tongue of one who never tires of speaking the Buddha-dharma. transformation body See "Three Bodies of the Buddha." Trikaya See "Three Bodies of the Buddha." Triple Jewels The Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sanga. These are Sanskrit words for three good qualities we should all strive for: "Awareness and Understanding," "Right Understanding and Views," and "Purity and Harmony." Pure Land students who want to declare their intention to deepen their cultivation can participate in a ceremony called Taking Refuge in the Triple Jewels -- or, in Chinese, San Gui. Triple Realm The realms of desire (our world), form (realms of the lesser dieties), and formlessness (realms of the higher dieties). The Pure Land is outside the Triple realm, beyond samsara and retrogression. Triple Saints of the Flower Adornment Sutra The Triple Saints of the Flower Adornment (Avatamsaka) Sutra are Universal Worthy Bodhisattva; (Samantabhadra); Manjushri Bodhisattva, and the Tathagata (or Dhyani Buddha) Vairocana. True Dharma Realm The state of being in which enlightement and the object of wisdom and enlightenment are one, not two. |
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