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| SAINT KITTS & NEVIS |
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St. Kitts and Nevis became an independent nation in 1983, after being controlled by Britain since 1713. Basseterre (pop. 14,725) is the country's capital and largest city. The East Caribbean dollar is the basic unit of currency.
Government. St. Kitts and Nevis is a constitutional monarchy and a member of the Commonwealth of Nations (see COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS). A prime minister heads the government and carries out its operations with the aid of a Cabinet. A one-house parliament makes the country's laws. It consists of eight representatives from St. Kitts, three representatives from Nevis, and three senators. The people elect the representatives. The senators are appointed on the advice of the prime minister and the leader of the opposition political party. The head of the political party with the most seats in parliament usually serves as prime minister. Nevis has its own local legislature. It has the right to secede and become an independent country.
People. Almost all the people of St. Kitts and Nevis are descendants of black Africans. The people speak English, the official language. About two-thirds of the people live in rural villages scattered along the coasts. Most of the rural people work on small farms, sugar cane estates, or large coconut farms. Most of the rest of the people live in urban areas. Basseterre, on St. Kitts, is the chief urban center. Charlestown is the main urban center of Nevis. Most of the country's people live in wooden houses. They wear clothing similar to that worn in the United States and other Western nations. Children must attend school from the ages of 5 to 17.
Land and climate. The two islands lie about 2 miles (3.2 kilometers) apart. They are the tops of volcanic peaks that rise out of the Caribbean Sea. The peak that forms much of St. Kitts is called Mount Misery. It rises 3,792 feet (1,156 meters) above sea level. The peak of Nevis is 3,232 feet (985 meters) above sea level. Both islands have rolling landscapes with fertile, narrow plains along the coasts. Many of the beaches have black volcanic sand. The annual rainfall is about 55 inches (140 centimeters). The average temperature is 78 ?F (25 ?C). |
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