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Contents
Abstract
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Introduction
Chapter 1
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| guiding ordinary conversation. Undecidability is attributed to those matters which people are unable to designate true or false either because they consider the problem insoluble or because the question of validity or verifiability is not pertinent. Taboo, on other hand, is socially enforced irrelevance. Taboo matters are literally what people must not know or even inquire about. 1.4 Uncertainty As shown in figure 1, the uncertainty is subdivided into vagueness, probability, fuzziness, nonspecificity, and ambiguity. Smithson suggests this formalization in his book "Ignorance and Uncertainty, Emerging Paradigms". This is not the only way to formalize uncertainty. However, most other taxonomies (e.g. Howell and Burnett) are based on well know probabilistic concepts. Kahneman and Tversky, in their article on variants on uncertainty, provide psychological and phenomenological arguments for dichotomizing uncertainty into that which is attributed to the external word and that attributed to our internal state of knowledge. Other classification of uncertainty is shown in figure 2, that Klir suggested in his book " Fuzzy Sets, Uncertainty, and Information". Lack of definite or One-to-many relationship Sharp distinctions - vagueness - cloudiness - haziness - unclearness - indistinctness - harplessness Two or more alternatives are Are left unspecified Disagreement in choosing among several alternatives |
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