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Contents
Abstract
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Introduction
Chapter 1
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| demands for ways of coping with these new uncertainties. More recently technological aids have been combined with human expertise in the development of expert systems, whose commercial appeal is based partly on their alleged capacity to handle both high complexity and uncertainty. 1.2 Ignorance in Arabic Language Ignorance in Arabic language means the opposite if knowledge. The God says in Holly Qu'ran íÍÓÈåã ÇáÌÇåá ÃÛäíÇÁ ãä ÇáÊÚÝÝ" ", that means the persons who know their situations. Al-Jarjani says " The ignorance is the wrong understanding (belief) of a thing".( I use my own words to translate the Arabic text into the English text). The Holy Qu'ran mention the word "ignorance" in 24 positions and it means different things, such as ÊÌåáæä ¡ íÌåáæä ¡ ÇáÌÇåá ¡ ÌÇåáæä ¡ ÇáÌÇåáíä ¡ ÌåæáÇ ¡ ÈÌåÇáÉ ¡ ÇáÌÇåáíÉ " ", and some important meaning that included in the Holy Qu'ran are: 1. Non understanding the results of saying and doing. 2. Layering a correct information message. 3. Non understanding the concept of conception. 1.3 Taxonomy of Ignorance So far so good, we define ignorance as the opposite of the knowledge. We should also notice that there is a different between error and ignorance. The person in error believes he knows that he does not know, while the ignorance is conscious of his lack of knowledge. We can call the first conscious ignorance and the second meta-ignorance. Figure 1 shows the complete taxonomy of ignorance. |
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