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Contents
Abstract
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Introduction
Chapter 1
PAGE 1PAGE 2PAGE 3PAGE 4|
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| Acknowledgements Abstract Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Ignorance 1 1.2 Ignorance in Arabic Language 2 1.3 Taxonomy of Ignorance 2 1.4 Uncertainty 4 1.4.1 Vagueness 5 1.4.2 Ambiguity 5 1.4.2.1 Vagueness and Indiscernibility 6 1.5 Uncertainty Formalization 7 1.6 Evidence Theory 7 1.7 Probability Theory 9 1.8 Possibility Theory 10 Chapter 2 Fuzziness 2.1 Why Use Fuzzy? 12 2.2 Fuzzy Set Theory 13 2.3 Mathematical Modeling of Fuzziness 14 2.4 Some Properties of Fuzzy Sets 17 2.5 Crisp or Fuzzy Logic? 18 2.6 Measures of Fuzziness 20 2.7 Fuzzy Numbers 21 2.8 Fuzzy Membership Function Representing Fuzzy Temporal Trends 21 Chapter 3 Application of Fuzzy Logic 3.1 A Fuzzy Universe of Application 23 3.2 Expert Systems 24 3.2.1 A Working Definition 24 3.2.2 Miscellaneous Applications 25 3.2.2.1 Weather Forecasting 25 3.2.2.2 Aircraft Identification 25 3.2.2.3 Battlefield Management 25 3.2.3 Benefits of Expert Systems 26 3.2.4 The Down Side 26 3.2.5 Stand-Alone vs. Embedded Systems 27 Stand-Alone 27 Embedded 27 3.2.6 How Expert Systems Work? 29 3.2.7 Some Applications of Expert Systems 30 3.2.8 Dealing With Uncertainty 31 3.3 Neural Networks 32 3.3.1 Definition of Neural Networks 32 3.3.2 Fuzziness in Neural Networks 32 3.3.3 Neural-Trained Fuzzy Systems 33 3.4 Fuzzy Logic and Database 34 References Appendix |
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