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Concept of Network
Why the network is prefered?


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At its most elementary level, a network consists of two computers connected to each other by a cable so that they can share data. All networking, no matter how sophisticated, stems from that simple system. While the idea of two computers connected by a cable may not seem extraordinary, in retrospect, it was a major achievement in communications.

Networking arose from the need to share data in a timely fashion. Personal computers are wonderful business tools for producing data, spreadsheets, graphics, and other types of information, but do not allow you to quickly share the data you have produced. Without a network, the documents have to be printed out so that other can edit them or use them. At best, you give files on floppy disks to others to copy to their computers. If other make changes to the document there is no way to merge the changes. This was, and still is, called working in a stand-alone environment.

If the stand-alone worker were to connect his computer to other computers, he could share the data on the other computers and other devices connected together is called a network, and the concept of connected computers sharing resources is called networking.

Computers that are part of a network can share the following:

- Data
- Messages
- Graphics
- Printers
- Fax Machines
- Modems
- other Hardware Resources

This list is constantly growing as new ways are found to share and communicate by means of computers.

LOCAL AREA NETWORKS:

Networks started out small, with perhaps ten computers connected together with a printer. The technology limited the size of the network, including the number of computers connected as well as the physical distance that could be covered by the network. For example, in the early 1980's the most popular cabling method would allow 30 users on a maximum cable length of just over 600 feet. Such a network, within a limited area, is known as a Local Area Network (LAN)

THE EXPANSION OF NETWORKS:

Early LANs could not adequately support the network needs of a large business with offices in various locations. As the advantages of networking became known, and more applications were developed for the network environment, businesses saw the need to expand their networks to remain competitive. Today LANs have become the building blocks of larger systems.

As the geographical scope of the network grows by connecting users in different cities or different states, the LAN grows into a wide area network (WAN). The number of users in a company network can now grow from ten to thousands.

Today, most major businesses store and share vast amounts of crucial data in a network environment, which is why networks are currently as essentials to businesses as typewriters and filling cabinets used to be.

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